魂

本周二，阿根廷主流媒体报道称米莱政府准备发行新面值货币，7.7亿张10000面值（约合11美元）的比索正式开始流通；相比于之前最高面值为2000比索的货币，直接上调了5倍之多，且年底还要发行20000面额的比索。

二 |     Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Wednesday that China and South Korea should demonstrate strategic vision and work to ensure the healthy, stable and sustainable development of bilateral relations.    Wang, also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, made the remarks when meeting with South Korean Foreign Minister Cho Hyun.    Wang expressed hope that South Korea, based on its fundamental interests, pursues an independent foreign policy and develops relations with other countries in parallel without conflict.    Wang said that since the end of last year, the top leaders of the two countries have successfully exchanged visits and reached an important consensus on the future development of China-South Korea relations, providing strategic guidance for the bilateral relationship.    Ushering in the 34th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two sides, Wang said China is ready to work with South Korea to advance the China-South Korea strategic cooperative partnership to a new level. He noted that the two sides should maintain high-level exchanges.    China and South Korea have a solid foundation of economic and trade cooperation, and have become a deeply integrated community of shared interests, said Wang, expressing hope that the two sides tap new areas of cooperation and growth in artificial intelligence, green transition, digital economy, high-end equipment and the silver economy, and accelerate the second phase of negotiations on the China-South Korea Free Trade Agreement.    The two sides should continue to promote exchanges in areas such as youth, media, sports, think tanks, and local governments, and work to further strengthen the public support and social foundation for bilateral relations, he said.    Wang said China is ready to take its hosting of the 2026 APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting as an opportunity to work with all parties, including South Korea, to build an Asia-Pacific community, and inject new impetus into peace and development in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.    Cho Hyun said South Korea has consistently upheld the one-China policy it has followed since the establishment of diplomatic relations with China. He added that South Korea looks forward to maintaining close high-level exchanges with China, deepening exchanges and cooperation in areas such as economy and trade, high technology, artificial intelligence and youth, and accelerating the second phase of negotiations on the South Korea-China Free Trade Agreement, thus advancing the South Korea-China strategic cooperative partnership to a higher level.    Speaking on the situation on the Korean Peninsula, Wang stressed that China has always been committed to playing a constructive role in promoting peace and stability on the peninsula.                     。至于为什么要超发大面额的货币，消息人士的解释是“有利于民众购买的便利”，也就是说买东西不用携带如此多的货币了。

三 | 然而事实上很多阿根廷媒体猜测，此举是为了应对货币贬值和接下来有可能进行的更多贬值，顺便为国库增加财富和收入；从米莱上台后，比索的贬值达到54%，让原本就要携带成捆钱币花销的阿根廷人苦不堪言。

但一方面是“穷疯了”的阿根廷人，另一方面却是“小富”的政府。4月下旬米莱通过电视发表讲话，宣布2024年一季度实现财政盈余，创下2750亿比索（约合3.2亿美元）的收入。他称这些钱是“自由经济”政策下的盈利，阿根廷终于走入了新时代。但马萨领导的反对党却揭露米莱实则是在收割阿根廷人，所谓的盈利不过是用贬值货币压缩出口关税利润，加上超低的价格出卖国家能源、矿产和企业给外国公司，底层的民众失业率大涨。

四 |

果然在5月9日，阿根廷又爆发了蔓延全国的示威行动。全国数十万名工人自发停止工作、拒绝到岗和到街头拉标语来抗议米莱政府“倒行逆施”的政策，认为其让阿根廷陷入长期失业和贫困的危机。这些工人表示他们涨薪的幅度很低，但物价“每天都在变”，政府承诺的补贴、福利和减税更是一样都没有。更有甚者薪资甚至顾不上生活成本，或是被迫裁员，他们必须为自己争取权利。这些人中也有不少人一开始是支持米莱上台的，但他们现在显然“后悔”了。

五 |

分析人士表示，阿根廷总统兴高采烈地宣布“创收”，底层民众却表示“过不下去”，上台半年时间闹了两次全国大罢工，如此上下分离是有原因的。其一是政府3个月创收的3.5亿美元，米莱虽然保证会“花到每个民众身上”，但他们优先使还要用货币还债，剩下的分摊到4600万阿根廷人身上的也微不足道。

六 | 其二是米莱的“收割货币”政策严重扰乱了基层市场，今年3月阿根廷制造业和建筑业出现了自新冠疫情大流行以来的最大跌幅，偏偏这两个行业也是底层民众生活的命脉产业，失去工作者沦为赤贫。其三也是根本的一点：阿根廷历史上没有进行过这种大幅度的“休克疗法”，经济执行有很多规则性问题难以寻找经验和前例。

值得一提的还有，在全国大罢工的同一时期，阿根廷强大的工会组织正抵制米莱的改革努力，这一改革将降低公司的遣散费用，并进一步加强他的紧缩计划。对此有评论称：“现在开弓没有回头箭，政府除非把国家‘做强或者做烂’，否则没有其他选项的。马斯克等国外资本家们现在非常支持米莱推行下去，受益者显而易见。”